The complete Olympic Weightlifting glossary

Three white lights and the weight of the world comes off your shoulders.

Welcome to Olympic weightlifting.

Led by Tokyo Olympic silver medallist Emily Campbell, the road to Paris 2024 continues for Britain's lifters at this week's European Championships in Yerevan, Armenia.

The 28-year-old became the first Briton since Marie Forteath in 1988 to sweep snatch, clean and jerk and total at the Championships in the +87kg category in 2021 and repeated the feat in 2022.

But what does all that jargon mean? Here's our weightlifting glossary.

Attempt

The execution of a snatch or clean and jerk lift.

Each competitor is allowed three attempts on each lift at a particular weight, surmounting to six lifts in total.

The snatch lift always comes first in competition, with the clean and jerk following second.

An athlete must produce one successful attempt at each lift before in order to receive a total score.

Bomb-out

With three attempts on each lift, when an athlete misses all three chances in either the snatch or clean and jerk, they 'bomb-out' and do not qualify for a total score.

The snatch lift comes first and if an athlete bombs-out here, they are immediately eliminated from the remainder of the competition.

Clean and jerk

The second of the two competition lifts, the clean and jerk sees the athlete lift the bar in two movements.

First, the bar is moved from the ground to the chest, and then from the chest to an overhead position with the arms and hips fully locked.

The clean and jerk is usually performed with a split jerk, where the athlete drops under the barbell with one leg forward and one leg back.

A squat jerk can also be used but is less common.

Hooking

When an athlete hooks the last joint of their thumb under the other fingers on the same hand at the moment they grip the bar.

Olympic total

The combined total of an athlete's heaviest clean and jerk and snatch lifts, in kilograms.

This determines the overall position of a competitor.

Press out

One of the easiest ways to get your lift disqualified.

When an athlete bends their arms and then tries to straighten them again whilst holding the bar overhead, resulting in a 'no lift' decision.

Snatch

The first of two competition lifts in Olympic weightlifting is the snatch lift.

This is where the athlete must take the bar into an overhead position in one fluid movement.

Starting from the ground, the athlete lifts the bar overhead with straight arms and pulls themselves under it in a squat position before lifting to a fully upright position. A split snatch can also be used but it less common.

Three white lights

What every weightlifter dreams of.

There are three referees in an international weightlifting competition, each with their own white light to indicate whether they deem a lift attempt successful or not.

A two thirds majority of approval is all that's needed for an athlete, but all three white lights is the aim.

If two of the three referees deem the lift invalid, then it is referred to as a 'no lift'.

Weight class

Lifters compete in bodyweight categories or weight classes to create a fair environment.

Two hours before a competition, each athlete must weigh-in to prove that they meet the requirements for their weight class and can compete.

Women's Olympic weight classes range from 49kg to +87kg whilst men's range from 61kg to +109 kg

Sportsbeat 2023